Why fossil fuel is still needed even in 100 years to come?

Quite remarkable illustration showing how many things we make starting from. This highlights the challenge - often forgotten - to move towards a carbon free society….

Originally, a lot of oil was used for electricity production... , nowadays it is the sector people relying mostly on it, but alternatives get developed and becoming commercially viable, including electric cars and some sustainable fuels....

but petrochemicals remain a key driver of oil demand as makes a lot of products that are used in everyday's life. No single renewable source will replace or dominate fossil fuels because each renewable raw material faces challenges, as follows :

Hydrogen: cost, safety & infrastructure needed

Solar: good only for power, not suitable for aviation, shipping, transport.

Wind: limited to certain areas, good for power only.

Bio-fuel: cost, impact on land, food & water.

Battery/Electric motors: power density & recharge time of batteries: huge capital expenditure, safety & security issues, good for power only, not good for transportation.

Geothermal: limited to certain areas, power generation only.

Hydroelectric: limited to certain areas, power generation only, may decrease due to global warming.

We should not forget that 70% fiber coming from gas and oil, used in clothes, textile, plastics, rubber,....etc. How we are going to replace it? none above sources can, except bio-fuel which will not be enough supply for all consumer needs globally.

In conclusion the world will not survive without new inovative technologie on subsitution of fossil fuel to biofuel.

Emission control

Greenhouse gas emissions are categorized into three scopes :

• Scope 1 Emissions: These pertain to the quantity of CO2 and other greenhouse gases emitted by a refinery during the production of sale products.

• Scope 2 Emissions: This involves emissions associated with the imported utilities consumed by the refinery.

• Scope 3 Emissions: Resulting from all the goods and services that the refinery purchases, sells, or disposes of.

Assessing and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, coupled with mitigating global warming, pose formidable challenges for gas and oil companies and energy-intensive chemical processing industries.

Consequently, many refineries and chemical industries in major developed countries have historically overlooked proper treatment of industrial flue gas emissions.

However, the undeniable impacts of climate change have compelled legislative bodies to establish new environmental regulations. These regulations not only demand a transition to net-zero carbon footprint by 2050 but also impose stringent specifications for the fuel products.

In response, gas and oil companies are compelled to engage in intensive efforts on various decarbonization projects, leveraging the best available technology. This commitment is necessary to meet the stringent specifications for fuel products, moving closer to the production of carbon-neutral fuels.